Thermodynamics 1

Microscopic and macroscopic descriptions of a system at equilibrium


Thermodynamic systems microscopic states, macroscopic states: fundamental transition from microscopic reality to macroscopic state variables Extensive quantities, intensive quantities.


microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic scales.


Two statistical quantities: temperature and pressure. Use of the perfect gas model to define kinetic pressure and kinetic temperature. equation of state.


Equilibrium state of a system subjected to pressure forces alone. Atherman or diatherman walls


From real gas to perfect gas. Example of Van der Waals gases


Thermoelastic coefficients. Approximation of condensed phases with low compressibility and low expansion.


Internal energy of a system. Heat capacity at constant volume in the case of the perfect gas.


internal energy and heat capacity at constant volume of a condensed phase considered incompressible and indilatable.




energy exchanged by a system during a transformation


Thermodynamic transformation undergone by a system.


Work of pressure forces.


Heat transfer. Adiabatic transformation. Thermostat.




First principle. Energy balances


First principle of thermodynamics


Enthalpy of a system. Heat capacity at constant pressure in the case of a perfect gas and an incompressible, indilatable condensed phase.