Measurements and methods

I. Physical identification of geomaterials
II. Experimental geophysicsDefinition of geophysical parametersPrinciples of seismic refractionExample of an on-site seismic refraction survey (acquisition, interpretation of results)
III. Measurement and analytical methods (rock, water, gas)Measurement, uncertaintiesPhysical and chemical sensor principles - Areas of useMineral chemistryAnalytical techniques (X-ray diffraction, electronic microanalysis techniques, spectroscopy)Multi-scale case study (on-site sampling from mega to micro scale, sorting, preparation, meb drx, microprobe etc.) Sample analysis (sampling, granulo, drx, global and/or point physical and chemical analysis)

The main aim of this module (Measurement and Analytical Methods (rock, water, gas)) is to give you the keys to success in implementing an experimental approach and, in particular, using the most common physical-chemical measurement devices, sensors and techniques, as well as identifying and evaluating sources of error.
To understand this experimental physics, a course will be given on the basics of measurement physics. The main rock characterization techniques will then be developed and explained. Finally, the program concludes with geophysics, with particular emphasis on seismic refraction techniques.
Practical work on real cases will illustrate these lessons. In particular, we will focus on mastering the elements of an analytical approach at different scales, from sampling (the core) to microscopic observation. A seismic-refraction drilling campaign will also be carried out.
Minimum skills to be acquired:
Understand, apply and know how to use the main material characterization techniques. Know simple geophysical parameters.
Know how to implement an experimental approach, and appreciate the limits of validity of a result or model.