Biological macromolecules I

Nucleic acids:

Understanding the principles of gene expression.

Carbohydrates:

Understanding the vocabulary associated with sugar chemistry.
Understanding the different oses and their derivatives classically found in living organisms.
Understanding the diversity of carbohydrate motifs and their implications in biological communication.

Proteins:

Understand the different levels of protein structure

Lipids:

Understand the functions of the different classes of lipids in the structuring and physico-chemical properties of membranes.

At the end of the Macromolecules course, students will be able to mobilize their knowledge to understand macromolecules from different angles: synthesis, structures, functions. Students will be assessed on their ability to analyze practical cases in the context of solving exercises, case studies or analyzing scientific, technical and commercial documents.

Knowledge of biology, chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology at DUT/L3 level

Nucleic acids:
Transcription and translation.
Carbohydrates:
Simple oses: classification, cyclization and osidic derivatives. Osidic bond formation, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. Link with certain biological functions and uses in biotechnology.
Proteins:
Macromolecular properties: Peptide sequence. Post-translational modifications. Secondary, three-dimensional and quaternary structure. Multi-protein complexes. Native and denatured structures. Assay methods.
Lipids:
Lipid structure and assembly. Reminder of lipid metabolism, application to examples of lipid biotechnology.

Mobilize fundamental knowledge of mammalian cell biology to ensure in-depth understanding of pathophysiological processes in order to identify biological targets and develop innovative therapeutic or diagnostic approaches.